Core concepts
- 017 Cs of effective communication: clear, concise, complete, correct, concrete, courteous, coherent.
- 02Business letter parts: heading, date, salutation, body, complimentary close, signature.
- 03Formal email etiquette: clear subject, concise body, professional sign-off, proofread.
- 04Report writing: title, executive summary, findings, recommendations, conclusion.
- 05Active voice and specific verbs preferred over passive constructions.
Flowchart summary
Communication Process Sender -> Encoding -> Message -> Channel | v Decoding <- Receiver <----- Feedback
Exam-critical pointers
- ⭐Distinguish notice, circular, memo, minutes — each has a specific format.
- ⭐Demi-official letters — semi-formal between officers.
- ⭐Avoid jargon and clichés; use plain English (Plain English Movement).
- ⭐Vocabulary section: synonyms, antonyms, one-word substitutes (rote learn ICAI list).
Make it click